What Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder ?
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects both children and adults and is characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, impulsivity, and/or hyperactivity that interfere with daily functioning and developmentally appropriate behavior.
What Are Symptoms Of Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder?
The symptoms of ADHD typically manifest during childhood, although they may persist into adolescence and adulthood.
There are three main subtypes of ADHD
Predominantly Inattentive Presentation: Individuals with this subtype primarily struggle with inattention. They may have difficulty sustaining attention, following through on tasks, organizing activities, and completing assignments. They may also appear forgetful, easily distracted, and disorganized.
Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Presentation: Individuals with this subtype primarily display hyperactive and impulsive behaviors. They may be excessively fidgety, restless, and unable to sit still for extended periods. They may also act impulsively, blurting out answers, interrupting others, and engaging in risky or inappropriate behaviors without considering the consequences.
Combined Presentation: Individuals with the combined presentation of ADHD exhibit symptoms of both inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. This is the most common subtype of ADHD.
How Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Diagnosed?
ADHD is diagnosed by licensed mental health professionals. At Mind Glow Solutions, our psychiatric providers believe that these disorders cannot be fully understood through diagnostic criteria alone. Rather, they must be approached from a biopsychosocial and cultural perspective. To accurately diagnose ADHD, our providers conduct a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation that includes collecting your psychiatric and medical history, social and personal history, developmental milestones, academic performance, as well as gaining a true understanding of your lived experience.
How Is Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Treated?
Psychotherapy
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): CBT can help adults with ADHD develop coping strategies, improve time management and organizational skills, address negative thinking patterns, and manage stress and anxiety.
Psychoeducation: ADHD coaching involves working with a mental health provider who specializes in ADHD to set goals, develop strategies, and overcome challenges related to ADHD symptoms. Furthermore, understanding ADHD can reduce stigma, improve treatment adherence, and empower individuals to advocate for their needs.
Educational and Occupational Suppor: Adults with ADHD may benefit from accommodations in educational and workplace settings, such as extended time on exams, preferential seating, or flexible work schedules. These accommodations can help mitigate the impact of ADHD symptoms on academic and occupational functioning.
Medication
Stimulant Medications: Stimulants such as methylphenidate (e.g., Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamines (e.g., Adderall, Vyvanse) are the most commonly prescribed medications for ADHD. They work by increasing the levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain, improving attention, focus, and impulse control.
Non-Stimulant Medications: Non-stimulant medications such as atomoxetine (Strattera), guanfacine (Intuniv), clonidine (Kapvay), and bupropion (Wellbutrin) may be used as alternatives or adjuncts to stimulants. These medications have different mechanisms of action and may be better suited for individuals who do not respond well to stimulants or who experience significant side effects
Complementary | Integrative | Holistic | Non-Pharmacological Intervention
Lifestyle Modifications: Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a balanced diet, getting adequate sleep, and avoiding substances like caffeine and alcohol can support overall well-being and may complement treatment for impulse control disorders.
Stress Management Techniques: Learning relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, yoga, meditation, therapeutic massages, and acupuncture can help individuals manage stress and improve overall mental health.
Self-Care Strategies: Establishing a consistent daily routine, developing time management skills, setting boundaries such as learning when to say NO, practicing self-compassion, being kind to oneself, journaling, fostering, relationships with supportive family and friends, spending time in nature, and engaging in hobbies will help support overall mental and behavioral health.
